Postgraduate retention strategies at higher education institutions: A systematic review

Abstract

Postgraduate retention is key for ensuring postgraduate success and the capacitation of the higher education sector. Retention is a complex and multifaceted issue, requiring interventions at various levels and stages in the postgraduate lifecycle. A systematic review was conducted to synthesise evidence of postgraduate retention strategies used in higher education institutions internationally. The review followed the PRISMA framework, including identification, screening, eligibility and appraisal, ensuring methodological rigour and transparency of reporting. A total of 1,719 peer-reviewed, published articles were identified, and after screening and appraisal, 32 were included in the synthesis. Various retention and success strategies were reported. The findings identified supervision as a key area of support for retention, noting the importance of supervisor selection, mentorship within the supervisory relationship, and collaborative supervisory approaches in supporting postgraduate success. Various supplementary support initiatives were noted, targeting academic and socio-emotional development, such as academic coaching, writing camps, peer mentorship and counselling. It is recommended that institutions consider implementing multiple interventions, embedded within institutional practices, targeting the needs and stages of the postgraduate lifecycle, to ensure that postgraduate students are well supported. Interventions are also needed for stakeholders providing key support, specifically supervisors, to ensure that the support provided is effective and aligned with best practice evidence.