DIE NEO-KANTIAANSE HISTORIESE KENNISLEER VAN DIE BADENSKOOL: WILHELM WINDELBAND EN EMIL LASK
Keywords:
neo-Kantiaanse, Hannes Beyers, Historia Vol 43 No 2, Methodenstreit, positivisme, idealisme, Max Weber, Engeland, Henry Thomas BuckleAbstract
English
The article deals with the historical epistemology of Wilhelm Windelband and Emil Lask. These neo-Kantian philosophers aimed at an historical epistemology that would be independent of both naturalistic positivism and Hegelian idealism. Thus the neoKantians defended the right of history to exist as a distinctive, but strictly rationalempirical science. Windelband's rectorial address of 1894 expressed the important neo-Kantian principle that history should be distinguished from natural science in terms of methodology rather than content. However, Windelband never elaborated a scientific methodology for the establishment of historical knowledge. Lask attempted to solve the question of historical knowledge by accepting the Kantian dualism between abstract concepts and the infinite empirical reality. Lask's proposal to solve the problem of the "irrational gap" between concept and reality through his theory of "value individuality" was, however, unsuccessful.
Afrikaans
In hierdie artikel word die historiese kennisleer van Wilhelm Windelband en Emil Lask behandel. Dié neo-Kantiaanse filosowe se oogmerk was 'n historiese kennisleer wat onafhanklik van beide naturalistiese positivisme en Hegeliaanse idealisme sou wees. Gevolglik verdedig die neo-Kantiane die bestaansreg van geskiedenis as 'n eiesoortige, maar streng rasioneel-empiriese wetenskap. Windelband se rektorale intreerede in 1894 verwoord die belangrike neoKantiaanse beginsel dat geskiedenis van die natuurwetenskappe op grond van metodeleer eerder as inhoud onderskei word. Windelband het egter nooit 'n wetenskaplike metodeleer vir die vasstelling van historiese kennis uitgewerk nie. Lask het die vraagstuk van historiese kennis probeer oplos deur die aanvaarding van die Kantiaanse dualisme tussen abstrakte begrippe en die oneindige empiriese werklikheid. Lask se voorstel om die probleem van die "irrasionele gaping" tussen begrip en werklikheid deur sy teorie van "waardeindividualiteit" op te los, was egter onsuksesvol.
